Joule-Thomson Effect
A Joule-Thomson effect or a process is the change in temperature which was observed when a liquid or a gas was forced (or expands) through a small opening i.e. valve or a porous plug
This whole process being carried out in an isolated chamber prevented any heat exchange. Founded by Sir James Prescott Joule and Sir William Thomson, this was seen for almost a decent number of gases. But hydrogen, helium and neon seemed to behave differently.
They heated up instead of cooling down. This instance was explained by the Inversion temperature i.e. a unique temperature possessed by every gas, below which it cools down on expansion.
Example - Diesel engines are used to power large trucks and other heavy equipment. In the cylinders of a diesel engine, air is compressed to very small volumes, raising the temperature to the point where fuel ignites spontaneously when injected into it.
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